Manufacture of temple roll



April 16, 1940.

C. T. DICKEY MANUFACTURE OF TEMPLE ROLL Filed Dec. 12, 1939 2Sheets-Sheet 1 April 16, 1940. c. T. DICKEY MANUFACTURE OF TEMPLE ROLLFiled 00c. 12, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 16, 1940 1MANUFACTURE OF TEMPLE ROLL Charles Thomas Dickey, Elizabeth, N. J.Application December 12, 1939, Serial No. 308,8li

5 Claims.

This invention relates to a roll for use in a loom temple. i

As is well known to those skilled inthe art, a

loom temple is, normally employed at each side of 5 the loom adjacentthe fell of the cloth being woven for the purpose of uniformlymaintaining the cloth stretched widthwise.

- In connection with various types of fabrics, for example, thosecomposed wholly or largely of rayon or cellulose ester filaments asacetated cellulose,-or those of a fine and delicate nature, it has longbeen customary to use rubber or rubber composition as the surface of theroll which engages the cloth. Rubber has many disadvantages, as haspasteboard; wood shavings and the like. I v

The ideal temple roll according to my researches, is closely approached,where a suitable bonding, agglutinating ormatrixmaterial is used as aportion of the temple roll, and has embedded therein a multiplicity of"outwardly-projecting fixed fiber or fiber-like ends, to whichthe-frictional-gripping capacity is primarily ,due; that is, wherein thefriction results mainly from a plurality of frayed fibrous endsimmovably embedded, contacting the delicate filaments o-r fila turesconstituting the goods being processed.

This invention is related-to my application for Number 307,611,. filedDecember 5, 1939;,and

308,815, filed December 12, 1939, all for Temple roll. i

One of the objectsof the present invention is to provide a constructionof that type of temple roll employing a non-rubberbody, in which thedisadvantages inherent in the present types of temple roll aresubstantially non-existent, as will be more particularly pointed outherein. Another'obj ect is'to providea temple roll having the initialdesired frictional gripping surface, which remainsuniform andsubstantially unimpaired for an indefiniteperiod of times. v

A third object-is to provide a temple roll of regree or extent by any ofthe components of, in, or

evolved-incident to, contact of textile with temple roll.

Another object is the employment of anagquired frictional grippingsurface which is un acted upon and unimpaired to an observable de dailwhen the rubber has been softened by the 10 fumes from the filamentsbeing woven.

This is an important point, because the goods are usually plain wovenwhite and afterwards dyed. Even if an almost unnoticeable streak is lefton the goods from deposition of tiny traces of rubber or rubbersubstitute, this materially interferes with uniform penetration ofdyestuff in the dyeing operation, for the reason that rubber isabsolutely insoluble in water, causing uneven and 20 unlevel dyeings toresult. 1

Other objects of the invention willappear more fully and clearly fromthe accompanying description 7 and drawings, and will be particularlypointed out in the claims.

The general nature, function and purpose of a loom temple of the rolltype are so well known and familiar to those skilled in' the art, thatit here only becomes necessary to illustrate a portion of one typicalform of a temple, together 30 with preferred forms of the inventionembodied therein.

In the drawings and illustrative examples are shown and describedpreferred forms of temple roll embodying my invention.

, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a temple head with the form of rollembodying the invention located therein.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the temple head shown in Fig. 1. i

Fig. 3 is a greatly enlarged longitudinal section in perspective ofa'ribbon of material used in the fabrication of the temple roll. 1

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a slab formed by a plurality of theribbons shown in Fig. 3 as they are prepared for a further step in thefabrication of the temple roll.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one strip as cut from the slab ofribbons shown in Fig. 4, and which is used with a second strip to form.atemple roll.

. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a core used to form the centralportion of a temple roll.

' Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section in perspective of a die with the coreand strips of which a temple Fig. 11 is an enlarged section on line ll--i I of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a greatly enlarged section of a portion of Fig. 10.

The invention is shown in connection with the usual type of templewherein two rolls are rotatively mounted. The temples are arranged inpairs, one at each side of the loom, and may be termed right-handed andleft-handed since their function is to laterally stretch the cloth beingwoven to the right and left side of the loom.

The construction of the temple roll is the same in both cases, andtherefore only a right-handed temple roll has been illustrated.

The form of roll embodied in the present invention is adapted for use insubstantially all types of roll temples.

The temple illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 comprises an arm I, of whichonly a portion is shown, and by which it is mounted upon the loom at theforward end, and a main body portion or pod 2 formed thereon having atrough-like shape in which the rolls are mounted.

The temple rolls are journaled on pins 3 supported in the end walls ofthe pod 2, the inner ends 4 being fitted into the end wall 5 and theouter ends being provided with enlarged screwthrea-ded heads 6 which aretightly threaded into the end wall 1.

has its surface formed into alternating ridges 9 i and grooves l0,arranged in the form of a helix.

The outer part of the roll 8 in which the ridges 9 and grooves Ill arelater formed, is fabricated or built up so as to produce a multiplicityof frictional-gripping, outwardly-projecting fibers or iiber ends.

The formation of the temple roll 8 into the form illustratedcontemplates certain novel steps in the utilization of the material fromwhich the roll is made, whereby a substantially complete elimination ofwaste is attained.

Thus a ribbon H is prepared which may consist of canvas or other textileI2 of desired weight per unit area, or similar material, which hasbeentreated, impregnated or there has been calendered on a substance l3 ofan agglutinating or adhesive nature, neutral in reaction, so as topresent exposed faces which are substantially smooth and cut edgeswherein the embedded fabric I2 is exposed.

The width of the ribbon Il may be such as to provide sufficient materialto form one-half of the circumferential dimension of the completed roll8, although it is to be understood that other widths may be employed ifdesired. The length and thickness of the ribbon I! may vary within widelimits and has no relation to the dimensions of the temple roll 8.

The next step in the preparation of the material for forming the roll 8consists in providing a slab M from which strips lu may be cut for usein the final step of the fabrication of the roll. The formation of theslab l4 may be accomplished in a numberof ways, but preferably consistsin coating, as by a calendering operation, one or both faces of theribbon II with a comparatively thin layer of adhesive, either as asingle application or as a plurality of similar or dissimilar coats, theadhesive l5 being of a suitable nature, a

as a plastic cement or cementitious material," and then selecting thedesired number of ribbons H of any convenient length and width andcausing them to adhere-together in parallel relation, face to face.

Instead of coating or impregnating the individual ribbons, the canvas,textile or fabric may be coated, impregnated or calendered with theadhesive in widths and. lengths in a manner somewhat similar to thatemployed in the production of pyroxylin-containing artificial leathers,and the coated fabric may then be cut into strips of width and lengthdesired.

The number of ribbons ll selected for making the slab M must be suchthat the width of the slab Hi represents the length of the completedroll 8. After the slab M has been formed into a firm unit by theapplication of sufficient pressure, or by heat andpressure'to permit theadhesive IE to cause all the ribbons H- to adhere-to each other, thewidth of the slab I4' represents the outs areso spaced that thethickness of the strip It provides sufficient material of the particularkind selected to form the wall thickness of the temple roll 8. r

In Fig. 6 there is shown a detail of a. core- 20 around which the templeroll 8 is formed, and whichprovides the journal in which the pins 3 ofthe temple head is inserted. The core 28 is provided withan aperture 2.1and a plurality or shown herein as four.

The next step in the formation ofthe tempie roll 8 consists in utilizinga split die consisting of an upper die 24 and a lower die 25, each dielongitudinally extending fins or projections 22, f 5

having an internal configuration of nature as desired, and which whenplaced together, comprise a helix consisting of spaced ridges 26 andgrooves 21. Guide pins 28, mounted in the lower die 25 and projectingthrough apertures in the upper die 24 serve to properly guide and alignthe two dies,qwhereby their function may be accurately carried out.

One method of forming thetemple roll 8 about the co'reZll is as follows:a mandrel 23 substantially longer than the core 20, is inserted in theaperture 2| thereof, and two of the strips l6 then placed on the core 20in longitudinal relation thereto and on opposite sides thereof jacenttotwo of the fins .22.

The core 20 and strips I6 are then placed withand adin the open dies 24,25 in properly aligned posi- I tionv and the dies then submitted to ahigh pressure, or pressure and heat to close them. i The amount anddegree of heat required, if heat be used in addition to pressure, willdepend upon the thermoplasticity and other physical characteristicsofthe cementing or bonding medium emstance forming the strips l6. place offins shown, the exterior surface of core 20 may be 1 roughened or haveinequalitiesgtherein toform When the dies 24 and 25 meet along theirsplit line, it is obvious that the'two strips l6 are so compressed as toform a unit which is securely fastened. upon the core and has the sizeand shape of the desired temple roll 8. A sufiicient quantity ofbonding. material I5, originallyapplied to the ribbons I I, is exudedduring the application of pressure or heat and pressure'to the dies sothat the adjacent edges of IS are, as they meet, caused to bond andfirmly adhere each to the other, forming a substantially invisible line,thus completing the formation of the roll 8 as a unit.. I i

The function of the mandrel 23 during the ap plication of pressure, orheat and pressure, to the dies is to prevent collapse or distortion ofthe core 20. 1

After the dies have completed their function they are opened and thecompleted temple roll 8 recovered. The mandrel 23 is then removed andthe temple roll 8 is ready to be assembled in the temple head 2 aspreviously described.

Before assembling, due to extrusion of bonding material over the ridges9, I prefer to submit the temple roll to an abrading or grindingoperation .to flatten said ridges on their projecting surfaces, therebyexposing the outwardly-projecting and frictional-gripping fiber ends, itbeing noted that ridges 9 are shown in Figures 10 and 12 as being flat.I

Suitable agglutinating, bonding, thermoplasticizing materials suitablefor temple roll construction, have been disclosed in my inventions,Serial Numbers 264,065, 249,207, 283,174, 277,608, 307,611, and 308,815,which are cited merely as several suitable materials, but the bondingmaterial herein set forth, is to be understood as not limited tothoseexamples or their equivalents.

It is essential that the bonding material used must be substantiallyunaffected by the fibers being woven, or materials contained therein orevolved therefrom. And conversely, the degree of adhesion, and physicalcharacteristics of the bonding medium may be modified temporarily orpermanently by the use of solvents, non-solvents, softeners,fiexilizers, thermoplasticizers, thermo setters and the like either inthe liquid or normally solid form, a portion of which may or may not beafterwards removed, as by an evaporative step. It is obvious, that ifsuch bodies be used, they must exert no appreciable solvent ordeleterious effect upon the fibers being woven, or the filaments andfilatures constituting the textile.

I have obtained satisfactory results by taking a ten ounce duck. canvas,calendering thereon, or spreading by means of a doctor blade, orimpregnating the cotton fabric until an increase in weight of around 20to 25% of the weight of the fabric has taken place. In generaLit hasbeen found that moresatisfactory adhesion results,

when both sides of the textile has been subjected to an adhesive andbonding composition.

In general I coat canvas of about inches width and in about 300 yardlengths, then cut the same into strips about three-fourths of one inchin width, where the usual form and size of temple roll is to beproduced, and the bonding material possesses good flowability underheavy pressure or pressure and heat.

By means of my temple roll as herein described, I obtain a double formof frictional-gripping surface, due to the alternate layers of outwardlyprojecting fibers or fiber ends relatively low in bonding material, andalternate layers of material relatively high in thermoplasticity orthermosetting qualities, which also possesses valuablefrictional-gripping qualities thus resulting in the formation of atemple roll of not unusually high frictional-gripping capacity, but atemple.

roll in which that capacity remains substantially unimpaired for a longand indefinite period during use. 1

A suitable temple roll for the purposes set forth herein, must show botha highly initial frictionalgripping capacity, and one which is notsubstan tially attenuated or diminished upon long wear.

My temple roll as above set forth, possesses these desired qualities toahigh degree, and one heretofore not attained.

What I claim is: V

1. Process for roll manufacture comprising coating a textile'with asuitable adhesive to which volatile solvents may be added, then cuttingthe coated textile into strips, piling a plurality of said strips one ontop of the other pressing said pile into a firm unit if desired; slicingsaid pile into a plurality of strips, placing one strip above and onebelow on a mandrel having a removable core thereon which carries aplurality of longitudinally extending fins on the same, inserting saidmandrel, core and strips in a suitable split die, applying pressurethereto, finally removing the roll from the die.

2. Process for temple roll manufacture comprising calendering one orboth sides of a cellulosic or non-ccllulosic fabric with an agglutinant,then cutting said fabric into ribbons, piling a plurality of saidribbons one on top of another, slicing the pile into a plurality ofstrips, placing one strip above and one below a core on a mandrel, saidcore having a plurality of longitudinally extending fins thereon,inserting said strips, core and mandrel in a suitable splitdie havinginternal configurations of nature desired, applying heat and pressurethereto sufilcient to compact the same into a homogeneously appearingbody, finally removing the temple roll from the die.

3. Process for temple roll manufacture comprising impregnating canvaswith suitable bonding material to which solvents may be added, thencutting said canvas into a plurality of ribbons each about threefourthsof one inch in width, piling a plurality of, said ribbons one on top ofthe other, pressing said pile into a firm unit if desired, slicing saidpile on the width side into a plurality of strips, placing one stripabove and one below on a mandrel containing a core said core having aroughened surface to increase adhesion thereto, said core mandrel andtwo strips being then inserted into a suitable split die, said diecomprising a helix with spaced ridges and grooves therein, applying heatand pressure to said die sufficient to cause the two strips to assume acircular form and to meet and form a substantially indistinguishablebond, then removing the temple roll from the die and abrading thesurfaces of the ridges thereof until suflicient exposure of outwardlyprojecting, frictional-gripping ends.

4. Process for temple roll manufacture comprising calendering one orboth sides of canvas with a suitable neutral thermoplastic bindingmaterial towhich solvents maybe added, then cutting said material intostrips of: about three-fourths of one inch in Width and of desiredlength, piling a plurality of said strips one on top of another,pressing said pile into a more compact unit if desired, slicing from thewidth of said pile a plurality of strips, placing the latter strips oneabove and one below a core having a plurality of longitudinallyextending projections thereon said core being on a removable mandrel,inserting said core, mandrel and strips in a suitable split diecomprising a helix with spaced ridges and grooves therein, applyingheatand pressure thereto, finally removing the temple roll from the die,removing mandrel from core, and grinding the ridges thereof sufiicientlyto produce a flat surface thereon and expose outwardly-projecting fiberends. 7

5. Process for temple roll manufacture in which the frictional-grippingtextile fibers are perpendicular to the axis of the roll, comprisingcementing canvas with a suitable neutral thermoe plasticbondingmaterial, piling a plurality of pieces-of treated canvas each aboutthree-fourths of one inch in Width on top of each other, compacting thepile into a firmer unit if desired, 5110-.

ing said pile onthe Width side into a plurality of strips, laying onestrip above and one below v and-in contact with a core on a'removablemandrel inserting said core mandrel and two strips into a suitablesplitv die, applying heat and pressure thereto until a substantiallyunitary-appear;

ing massuis produced therein, finally removing the roll from the die.and the mandrel from the core; and polishing ofl any circumferential-inequalities on said temple roll surface until the outwardly-projecting,frictional-gripping ends,

are exposed as fiat ridges, as herein describeclandv illustrated.

CHARLES THOMAS DICKEY. 2D

